Other warehousing and storage

A WMS runs the physical building — mis-picks, mis-ships and downtime are immediate and expensive, so buyers select on reference and integrator depth rather than on price or interface. Implementation runs through system integrators, the same distribution problem that cut the MES record at 333. The top five hold only 25–30%, but the tail is regional integrators rather than a soft middle.

This sits between the ERP suite above it and the warehouse system below it, both of which keep extending into it — and the pure-plays are leaving rather than winning. Two of the largest independents stopped reporting inside three years. E2open shrank in each of its last three published years — $652.2M for the year to February 2023, $634.6M to February 2024, $607.7M to February 2025 — and was taken private by WiseTech Global, the merger closing 2025-08-03 with delisting the next day and Form 15 on 2025-08-14 [A]. Coupa, which had bought LLamasoft to get network design, last published $725.3M for the year to January 2022 before Thoma Bravo took it out; Form 25 on 2023-02-28, Form 15 on 2023-03-10 [A]. The strongest anchor still filing is Manhattan Associates: FY2025 revenue $1.0814B, cloud subscriptions $408.1M growing 21% — but services down 4%, maintenance down 6% and licence revenue down to $14.8M [A]. Manhattan reports three geographic segments and nothing else, so even the best-documented company in the field publishes no planning line, and neither does SAP for IBP nor Oracle for Fusion SCM. That absence is itself the finding: this capability is sold as a module of something larger by incumbents who can afford to bundle it, and standalone by companies that have twice now been bought rather than scaled. An entrant is not displacing a weak incumbent — it is asking a buyer to run planning outside the suite that already ships it, which is a harder sale than being better. The 493 anchor is navigational: warehousing is where the inventory physically sits, not where this software is bought.