NAICS 91131Industry · 5-digitnational market

Federal labour and employment services

This industry comprises establishments of the federal government primarily engaged in labour market research and dealing in matters pertaining to employer-employee relations, including the promotion of improved working conditions and the provision of arbitration and conciliation services in collective bargaining. — Statistics Canada, NAICS 2022A

Establishments · CanadaA: 17
Under 10 employeesA: 47%

Size and shape

How many businesses there are and how small they are. Fragmentation is the first thing an entrant — or anyone selling software into this industry — needs to know, and it is one of the few things that is actually measured.

Canadian establishments by number of employeesA

1–4741%

5–916%

10–190—

20–49318%

50–990—

100–1990—

200–4990—

500+635%

Of 17 Canadian establishments with employees, 47% have fewer than ten — an industry where large establishments carry real weight.

Where they areA

Quebec847%

Ontario529%

Manitoba212%

Nova Scotia16%

Largest four provinces by establishment count. Establishments with employees only — sole operators with no payroll are not in this table, so in trades and personal services the true number of businesses is higher.

No US figure is shown. County Business Patterns is coded to the 2017 US edition of NAICS; this code either does not exist there, names a different industry, or is outside the programme's coverage (most of agriculture, rail, postal and public administration are). A figure is attached only where both the code and the title agree.

How businesses here compete

The structural profile of subsector 911, which every industry beneath it inherits. This is analyst judgment from how the subsector is organised — not research into this industry, and not a measurement.

national competitionhigh capitalUNVERIFIEDinherited from 911 Federal government public administration

Government is a buyer, not a market to enter. The market is selling to it.

Who sets the price: Not applicable.
The software it runs on: Government procurement — long cycles, security clearance and incumbent integrators.

Market screens and studies

Market-entry records filed along this branch of the hierarchy. A record at or beneath this code is about this industry; one above it is about something wider that contains it.

Screened one level up. Nothing is filed at this exact code; the screen for 9113 Federal labour, employment and immigration services covers it.

Operating businessScreenedfiled at 9113

Federal Employment & Immigration ServicesStructure decides

binding constraint: entry cost + regulatory drag

Employment and Social Development Canada's service delivery and Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada: 30 establishments, 11 of them employing a hundred or more [A]. Two departments, in other words. This is a buyer, not a market to enter: the activity is a function of government, carried out under statute by public servants, and no licence, acquisition or amount of capital lets a private entrant perform it. The adjacent private markets are real and sit outside this code — regulated immigration consultants and lawyers (5411), settlement agencies funded by contribution agreements (6241), and employment-services contractors (5613). Selling technology to the departments themselves means competing for a small number of very large, multi-year transformation contracts that go to global integrators. The cut factor is recorded as entry cost and regulatory drag because that is the nearest the screening model comes to 'not available to private parties' — the barrier is not high, it is absolute, and everything interesting is in what gets sold across it.

NAICS 91134 vendors named7 sourced figuresOpen →

Software serving this industry

The vertical software markets filed along the same branch — who sells to these businesses and who they would have to displace — and then the generic categories every business buys whatever it does.

No vertical software market has been recorded along this branch. What the subsector typically runs on: Government procurement — long cycles, security clearance and incumbent integrators.

And what every business buys · 25 generic categories

Sold to every industry rather than this one, so they are filed against the software industry's own code. The same few vendors recur across most of them.

Who works here

The occupations employed in Public administration, most concentrated in it first. The share is measured against the whole sector, not this industry — the published cross-tabulation stops there.

Concentrated in this sectorA

Managers in public protection services One industry 98.5%

Police investigators and probation officers One industry 97.6%

Primary combat members of the Canadian Armed Forces One industry 97.2%

Occupations in front-line public protection services One industry 96.5%

Managers in public administration One industry 95.3%

Assisting occupations in legal and public protection One industry 93.1%

Water and rail transport operators and labourers and related occupations Mostly one sector 44.2%

Library, correspondence and other clerks Mostly one sector 23.5%

Architects, urban planners and land surveyors Mostly one sector 19.4%

Judges, lawyers and Quebec notaries One industry 15.5%

These jobs are mostly done here. An operator in this industry is competing for them against others in the same industry, not against the whole economy.

And the jobs every business has

Survey, statistical and data entry occupations Across the economy 28.8%

Administrative services managers Across the economy 28%

Technical inspectors and regulatory officers Across the economy 18.9%

Administrative and financial supervisors Across the economy 12.4%

Administrative, property and payroll officers Across the economy 12.3%

Office administrative assistants - general, legal and medical Across the economy 11.8%

Technical occupations in computer and information systems Across the economy 10.7%

Legislative and senior managers Across the economy 9.5%

Financial, insurance and related administrative support workers Across the economy 7.4%

Customer and information services representatives Across the economy 7%

Found across at least fourteen of the twenty sectors. In a small establishment several of these are usually one person, or an outside provider.

All 162 occupations →

Inside this industry

1 row sits directly beneath 91131. Each has a base report of its own.

Code	Industry	Establishments · CA	What is known
911310	Federal labour and employment services	17	screened at 9113

Alongside it, under 9113 Federal labour, employment and immigration services

Code	Industry	Establishments · CA	What is known
91132	Immigration services	13	screened at 9113
91139	Other federal labour, employment and immigration services	—	screened at 9113